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author | pennae <github@quasiparticle.net> | 2023-01-03 00:58:36 +0100 |
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committer | pennae <github@quasiparticle.net> | 2023-01-10 10:31:55 +0100 |
commit | 453b2bed053dfdeb9d21d8c10e7eebe9ff446217 (patch) | |
tree | 95fad26ec80f80cb428dc85a6970096aab5feed7 /nixos/modules/services/databases | |
parent | 5b012f2c5563494f8bd0277feb9be8c3dc6cb1ce (diff) | |
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nixos/postgresql: convert manual chapter to MD
Diffstat (limited to 'nixos/modules/services/databases')
-rw-r--r-- | nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.md | 173 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix | 2 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.xml | 339 |
3 files changed, 354 insertions, 160 deletions
diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.md b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.md new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1805bafe3be --- /dev/null +++ b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.md @@ -0,0 +1,173 @@ +# PostgreSQL {#module-postgresql} + +<!-- FIXME: render nicely --> +<!-- FIXME: source can be added automatically --> + +*Source:* {file}`modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix` + +*Upstream documentation:* <http://www.postgresql.org/docs/> + +<!-- FIXME: more stuff, like maintainer? --> + +PostgreSQL is an advanced, free relational database. +<!-- MORE --> + +## Configuring {#module-services-postgres-configuring} + +To enable PostgreSQL, add the following to your {file}`configuration.nix`: +``` +services.postgresql.enable = true; +services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_11; +``` +Note that you are required to specify the desired version of PostgreSQL (e.g. `pkgs.postgresql_11`). Since upgrading your PostgreSQL version requires a database dump and reload (see below), NixOS cannot provide a default value for [](#opt-services.postgresql.package) such as the most recent release of PostgreSQL. + +<!-- +After running {command}`nixos-rebuild`, you can verify +whether PostgreSQL works by running {command}`psql`: + +```ShellSession +$ psql +psql (9.2.9) +Type "help" for help. + +alice=> +``` +--> + +By default, PostgreSQL stores its databases in {file}`/var/lib/postgresql/$psqlSchema`. You can override this using [](#opt-services.postgresql.dataDir), e.g. +``` +services.postgresql.dataDir = "/data/postgresql"; +``` + +## Upgrading {#module-services-postgres-upgrading} + +::: {.note} +The steps below demonstrate how to upgrade from an older version to `pkgs.postgresql_13`. +These instructions are also applicable to other versions. +::: + +Major PostgreSQL upgrades require a downtime and a few imperative steps to be called. This is the case because +each major version has some internal changes in the databases' state during major releases. Because of that, +NixOS places the state into {file}`/var/lib/postgresql/<version>` where each `version` +can be obtained like this: +``` +$ nix-instantiate --eval -A postgresql_13.psqlSchema +"13" +``` +For an upgrade, a script like this can be used to simplify the process: +``` +{ config, pkgs, ... }: +{ + environment.systemPackages = [ + (let + # XXX specify the postgresql package you'd like to upgrade to. + # Do not forget to list the extensions you need. + newPostgres = pkgs.postgresql_13.withPackages (pp: [ + # pp.plv8 + ]); + in pkgs.writeScriptBin "upgrade-pg-cluster" '' + set -eux + # XXX it's perhaps advisable to stop all services that depend on postgresql + systemctl stop postgresql + + export NEWDATA="/var/lib/postgresql/${newPostgres.psqlSchema}" + + export NEWBIN="${newPostgres}/bin" + + export OLDDATA="${config.services.postgresql.dataDir}" + export OLDBIN="${config.services.postgresql.package}/bin" + + install -d -m 0700 -o postgres -g postgres "$NEWDATA" + cd "$NEWDATA" + sudo -u postgres $NEWBIN/initdb -D "$NEWDATA" + + sudo -u postgres $NEWBIN/pg_upgrade \ + --old-datadir "$OLDDATA" --new-datadir "$NEWDATA" \ + --old-bindir $OLDBIN --new-bindir $NEWBIN \ + "$@" + '') + ]; +} +``` + +The upgrade process is: + + 1. Rebuild nixos configuration with the configuration above added to your {file}`configuration.nix`. Alternatively, add that into separate file and reference it in `imports` list. + 2. Login as root (`sudo su -`) + 3. Run `upgrade-pg-cluster`. It will stop old postgresql, initialize a new one and migrate the old one to the new one. You may supply arguments like `--jobs 4` and `--link` to speedup migration process. See <https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html> for details. + 4. Change postgresql package in NixOS configuration to the one you were upgrading to via [](#opt-services.postgresql.package). Rebuild NixOS. This should start new postgres using upgraded data directory and all services you stopped during the upgrade. + 5. After the upgrade it's advisable to analyze the new cluster. + + - For PostgreSQL ≥ 14, use the `vacuumdb` command printed by the upgrades script. + - For PostgreSQL < 14, run (as `su -l postgres` in the [](#opt-services.postgresql.dataDir), in this example {file}`/var/lib/postgresql/13`): + + ``` + $ ./analyze_new_cluster.sh + ``` + + ::: {.warning} + The next step removes the old state-directory! + ::: + + ``` + $ ./delete_old_cluster.sh + ``` + +## Options {#module-services-postgres-options} + +A complete list of options for the PostgreSQL module may be found [here](#opt-services.postgresql.enable). + +## Plugins {#module-services-postgres-plugins} + +Plugins collection for each PostgreSQL version can be accessed with `.pkgs`. For example, for `pkgs.postgresql_11` package, its plugin collection is accessed by `pkgs.postgresql_11.pkgs`: +```ShellSession +$ nix repl '<nixpkgs>' + +Loading '<nixpkgs>'... +Added 10574 variables. + +nix-repl> postgresql_11.pkgs.<TAB><TAB> +postgresql_11.pkgs.cstore_fdw postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_repack +postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_auto_failover postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_safeupdate +postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_bigm postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_similarity +postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_cron postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_topn +postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_hll postgresql_11.pkgs.pgjwt +postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_partman postgresql_11.pkgs.pgroonga +... +``` + +To add plugins via NixOS configuration, set `services.postgresql.extraPlugins`: +``` +services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_11; +services.postgresql.extraPlugins = with pkgs.postgresql_11.pkgs; [ + pg_repack + postgis +]; +``` + +You can build custom PostgreSQL-with-plugins (to be used outside of NixOS) using function `.withPackages`. For example, creating a custom PostgreSQL package in an overlay can look like: +``` +self: super: { + postgresql_custom = self.postgresql_11.withPackages (ps: [ + ps.pg_repack + ps.postgis + ]); +} +``` + +Here's a recipe on how to override a particular plugin through an overlay: +``` +self: super: { + postgresql_11 = super.postgresql_11.override { this = self.postgresql_11; } // { + pkgs = super.postgresql_11.pkgs // { + pg_repack = super.postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_repack.overrideAttrs (_: { + name = "pg_repack-v20181024"; + src = self.fetchzip { + url = "https://github.com/reorg/pg_repack/archive/923fa2f3c709a506e111cc963034bf2fd127aa00.tar.gz"; + sha256 = "17k6hq9xaax87yz79j773qyigm4fwk8z4zh5cyp6z0sxnwfqxxw5"; + }; + }); + }; + }; +} +``` diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix index 6665e7a088f..b390199a851 100644 --- a/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix +++ b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix @@ -585,6 +585,8 @@ in }; + # Don't edit the docbook xml directly, edit the md and generate it: + # `pandoc postgresql.md -t docbook --top-level-division=chapter --extract-media=media -f markdown-smart --lua-filter ../../../../doc/build-aux/pandoc-filters/myst-reader/roles.lua --lua-filter ../../../../doc/build-aux/pandoc-filters/docbook-writer/rst-roles.lua > postgresql.xml` meta.doc = ./postgresql.xml; meta.maintainers = with lib.maintainers; [ thoughtpolice danbst ]; } diff --git a/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.xml b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.xml index 6199684f1a3..4cb0dc929c6 100644 --- a/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.xml +++ b/nixos/modules/services/databases/postgresql.xml @@ -1,74 +1,70 @@ -<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" - xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" - xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - version="5.0" - xml:id="module-postgresql"> - <title>PostgreSQL</title> -<!-- FIXME: render nicely --> -<!-- FIXME: source can be added automatically --> - <para> - <emphasis>Source:</emphasis> <filename>modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix</filename> - </para> - <para> - <emphasis>Upstream documentation:</emphasis> <link xlink:href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/"/> - </para> -<!-- FIXME: more stuff, like maintainer? --> - <para> - PostgreSQL is an advanced, free relational database. -<!-- MORE --> - </para> - <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-configuring"> - <title>Configuring</title> - +<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="module-postgresql"> + <title>PostgreSQL</title> <para> - To enable PostgreSQL, add the following to your <filename>configuration.nix</filename>: -<programlisting> -services.postgresql.enable = true; -services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_11; -</programlisting> - Note that you are required to specify the desired version of PostgreSQL (e.g. <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11</literal>). Since upgrading your PostgreSQL version requires a database dump and reload (see below), NixOS cannot provide a default value for <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.package"/> such as the most recent release of PostgreSQL. + <emphasis>Source:</emphasis> + <filename>modules/services/databases/postgresql.nix</filename> </para> - -<!-- -<para>After running <command>nixos-rebuild</command>, you can verify -whether PostgreSQL works by running <command>psql</command>: - -<screen> -<prompt>$ </prompt>psql -psql (9.2.9) -Type "help" for help. - -<prompt>alice=></prompt> -</screen> ---> - <para> - By default, PostgreSQL stores its databases in <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/$psqlSchema</filename>. You can override this using <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.dataDir"/>, e.g. -<programlisting> -services.postgresql.dataDir = "/data/postgresql"; -</programlisting> + <emphasis>Upstream documentation:</emphasis> + <link xlink:href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/" role="uri">http://www.postgresql.org/docs/</link> </para> - </section> - <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-upgrading"> - <title>Upgrading</title> - - <note> - <para> - The steps below demonstrate how to upgrade from an older version to <literal>pkgs.postgresql_13</literal>. - These instructions are also applicable to other versions. - </para> - </note> <para> - Major PostgreSQL upgrades require a downtime and a few imperative steps to be called. This is the case because - each major version has some internal changes in the databases' state during major releases. Because of that, - NixOS places the state into <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/<version></filename> where each <literal>version</literal> - can be obtained like this: -<programlisting> -<prompt>$ </prompt>nix-instantiate --eval -A postgresql_13.psqlSchema -"13" + PostgreSQL is an advanced, free relational database. <!-- MORE --> + </para> + <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-configuring"> + <title>Configuring</title> + <para> + To enable PostgreSQL, add the following to your + <filename>configuration.nix</filename>: + </para> + <programlisting> +services.postgresql.enable = true; +services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_11; </programlisting> - For an upgrade, a script like this can be used to simplify the process: -<programlisting> + <para> + Note that you are required to specify the desired version of + PostgreSQL (e.g. <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11</literal>). Since + upgrading your PostgreSQL version requires a database dump and + reload (see below), NixOS cannot provide a default value for + <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.package"></xref> such as + the most recent release of PostgreSQL. + </para> + <para> + By default, PostgreSQL stores its databases in + <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/$psqlSchema</filename>. You can + override this using + <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.dataDir"></xref>, e.g. + </para> + <programlisting> +services.postgresql.dataDir = "/data/postgresql"; +</programlisting> + </section> + <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-upgrading"> + <title>Upgrading</title> + <note> + <para> + The steps below demonstrate how to upgrade from an older version + to <literal>pkgs.postgresql_13</literal>. These instructions are + also applicable to other versions. + </para> + </note> + <para> + Major PostgreSQL upgrades require a downtime and a few imperative + steps to be called. This is the case because each major version + has some internal changes in the databases' state during major + releases. Because of that, NixOS places the state into + <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/<version></filename> where + each <literal>version</literal> can be obtained like this: + </para> + <programlisting> +$ nix-instantiate --eval -A postgresql_13.psqlSchema +"13" +</programlisting> + <para> + For an upgrade, a script like this can be used to simplify the + process: + </para> + <programlisting> { config, pkgs, ... }: { environment.systemPackages = [ @@ -78,104 +74,126 @@ services.postgresql.dataDir = "/data/postgresql"; newPostgres = pkgs.postgresql_13.withPackages (pp: [ # pp.plv8 ]); - in pkgs.writeScriptBin "upgrade-pg-cluster" '' + in pkgs.writeScriptBin "upgrade-pg-cluster" '' set -eux # XXX it's perhaps advisable to stop all services that depend on postgresql systemctl stop postgresql - export NEWDATA="/var/lib/postgresql/${newPostgres.psqlSchema}" + export NEWDATA="/var/lib/postgresql/${newPostgres.psqlSchema}" - export NEWBIN="${newPostgres}/bin" + export NEWBIN="${newPostgres}/bin" - export OLDDATA="${config.services.postgresql.dataDir}" - export OLDBIN="${config.services.postgresql.package}/bin" + export OLDDATA="${config.services.postgresql.dataDir}" + export OLDBIN="${config.services.postgresql.package}/bin" - install -d -m 0700 -o postgres -g postgres "$NEWDATA" - cd "$NEWDATA" - sudo -u postgres $NEWBIN/initdb -D "$NEWDATA" + install -d -m 0700 -o postgres -g postgres "$NEWDATA" + cd "$NEWDATA" + sudo -u postgres $NEWBIN/initdb -D "$NEWDATA" sudo -u postgres $NEWBIN/pg_upgrade \ - --old-datadir "$OLDDATA" --new-datadir "$NEWDATA" \ + --old-datadir "$OLDDATA" --new-datadir "$NEWDATA" \ --old-bindir $OLDBIN --new-bindir $NEWBIN \ - "$@" + "$@" '') ]; } </programlisting> - </para> - - <para> - The upgrade process is: - </para> - - <orderedlist> - <listitem> - <para> - Rebuild nixos configuration with the configuration above added to your <filename>configuration.nix</filename>. Alternatively, add that into separate file and reference it in <literal>imports</literal> list. - </para> - </listitem> - <listitem> - <para> - Login as root (<literal>sudo su -</literal>) - </para> - </listitem> - <listitem> <para> - Run <literal>upgrade-pg-cluster</literal>. It will stop old postgresql, initialize a new one and migrate the old one to the new one. You may supply arguments like <literal>--jobs 4</literal> and <literal>--link</literal> to speedup migration process. See <link xlink:href="https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html" /> for details. + The upgrade process is: </para> - </listitem> - <listitem> + <orderedlist numeration="arabic"> + <listitem> + <para> + Rebuild nixos configuration with the configuration above added + to your <filename>configuration.nix</filename>. Alternatively, + add that into separate file and reference it in + <literal>imports</literal> list. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + Login as root (<literal>sudo su -</literal>) + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + Run <literal>upgrade-pg-cluster</literal>. It will stop old + postgresql, initialize a new one and migrate the old one to + the new one. You may supply arguments like + <literal>--jobs 4</literal> and <literal>--link</literal> to + speedup migration process. See + <link xlink:href="https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html" role="uri">https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/pgupgrade.html</link> + for details. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + Change postgresql package in NixOS configuration to the one + you were upgrading to via + <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.package"></xref>. + Rebuild NixOS. This should start new postgres using upgraded + data directory and all services you stopped during the + upgrade. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + After the upgrade it's advisable to analyze the new cluster. + </para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem> + <para> + For PostgreSQL ≥ 14, use the <literal>vacuumdb</literal> + command printed by the upgrades script. + </para> + </listitem> + <listitem> + <para> + For PostgreSQL < 14, run (as + <literal>su -l postgres</literal> in the + <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.dataDir"></xref>, + in this example + <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/13</filename>): + </para> + <programlisting> +$ ./analyze_new_cluster.sh +</programlisting> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + <warning> + <para> + The next step removes the old state-directory! + </para> + </warning> + <programlisting> +$ ./delete_old_cluster.sh +</programlisting> + </listitem> + </orderedlist> + </section> + <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-options"> + <title>Options</title> <para> - Change postgresql package in NixOS configuration to the one you were upgrading to via <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.package" />. Rebuild NixOS. This should start new postgres using upgraded data directory and all services you stopped during the upgrade. + A complete list of options for the PostgreSQL module may be found + <link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.enable">here</link>. </para> - </listitem> - <listitem> + </section> + <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-plugins"> + <title>Plugins</title> <para> - After the upgrade it's advisable to analyze the new cluster. + Plugins collection for each PostgreSQL version can be accessed + with <literal>.pkgs</literal>. For example, for + <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11</literal> package, its plugin + collection is accessed by + <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11.pkgs</literal>: </para> - <itemizedlist> - <listitem> - <para> - For PostgreSQL ≥ 14, use the <literal>vacuumdb</literal> command printed by the upgrades script. - </para> - </listitem> - <listitem> - <para> - For PostgreSQL < 14, run (as <literal>su -l postgres</literal> in the <xref linkend="opt-services.postgresql.dataDir" />, in this example <filename>/var/lib/postgresql/13</filename>): -<programlisting> -<prompt>$ </prompt>./analyze_new_cluster.sh -</programlisting> - </para> - </listitem> - </itemizedlist> - <para> - <warning><para>The next step removes the old state-directory!</para></warning> -<programlisting> -<prompt>$ </prompt>./delete_old_cluster.sh -</programlisting> - </para> - </listitem> - </orderedlist> - </section> - <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-options"> - <title>Options</title> - - <para> - A complete list of options for the PostgreSQL module may be found <link linkend="opt-services.postgresql.enable">here</link>. - </para> - </section> - <section xml:id="module-services-postgres-plugins"> - <title>Plugins</title> - - <para> - Plugins collection for each PostgreSQL version can be accessed with <literal>.pkgs</literal>. For example, for <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11</literal> package, its plugin collection is accessed by <literal>pkgs.postgresql_11.pkgs</literal>: -<screen> -<prompt>$ </prompt>nix repl '<nixpkgs>' + <programlisting> +$ nix repl '<nixpkgs>' Loading '<nixpkgs>'... Added 10574 variables. -<prompt>nix-repl> </prompt>postgresql_11.pkgs.<TAB><TAB> +nix-repl> postgresql_11.pkgs.<TAB><TAB> postgresql_11.pkgs.cstore_fdw postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_repack postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_auto_failover postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_safeupdate postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_bigm postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_similarity @@ -183,23 +201,25 @@ postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_cron postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_topn postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_hll postgresql_11.pkgs.pgjwt postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_partman postgresql_11.pkgs.pgroonga ... -</screen> - </para> - - <para> - To add plugins via NixOS configuration, set <literal>services.postgresql.extraPlugins</literal>: -<programlisting> +</programlisting> + <para> + To add plugins via NixOS configuration, set + <literal>services.postgresql.extraPlugins</literal>: + </para> + <programlisting> services.postgresql.package = pkgs.postgresql_11; services.postgresql.extraPlugins = with pkgs.postgresql_11.pkgs; [ pg_repack postgis ]; </programlisting> - </para> - - <para> - You can build custom PostgreSQL-with-plugins (to be used outside of NixOS) using function <literal>.withPackages</literal>. For example, creating a custom PostgreSQL package in an overlay can look like: -<programlisting> + <para> + You can build custom PostgreSQL-with-plugins (to be used outside + of NixOS) using function <literal>.withPackages</literal>. For + example, creating a custom PostgreSQL package in an overlay can + look like: + </para> + <programlisting> self: super: { postgresql_custom = self.postgresql_11.withPackages (ps: [ ps.pg_repack @@ -207,25 +227,24 @@ self: super: { ]); } </programlisting> - </para> - - <para> - Here's a recipe on how to override a particular plugin through an overlay: -<programlisting> + <para> + Here's a recipe on how to override a particular plugin through an + overlay: + </para> + <programlisting> self: super: { postgresql_11 = super.postgresql_11.override { this = self.postgresql_11; } // { pkgs = super.postgresql_11.pkgs // { pg_repack = super.postgresql_11.pkgs.pg_repack.overrideAttrs (_: { - name = "pg_repack-v20181024"; + name = "pg_repack-v20181024"; src = self.fetchzip { - url = "https://github.com/reorg/pg_repack/archive/923fa2f3c709a506e111cc963034bf2fd127aa00.tar.gz"; - sha256 = "17k6hq9xaax87yz79j773qyigm4fwk8z4zh5cyp6z0sxnwfqxxw5"; + url = "https://github.com/reorg/pg_repack/archive/923fa2f3c709a506e111cc963034bf2fd127aa00.tar.gz"; + sha256 = "17k6hq9xaax87yz79j773qyigm4fwk8z4zh5cyp6z0sxnwfqxxw5"; }; }); }; }; } </programlisting> - </para> - </section> + </section> </chapter> |