To get a Stage 1 shell: Add "debug1" to the kernel command line. Switching to maintenance mode: $ shutdown now To get out of maintenance mode: $ initctl emit startup Updating the current system configuration: $ nix-env -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/system -f system-configuration.nix -i -A systemConfiguration $ /nix/var/nix/profiles/system/bin/switch-to-configuration