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diff --git a/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/administration/imperative-containers.section.xml b/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/administration/imperative-containers.section.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..59ecfdee5af --- /dev/null +++ b/nixos/doc/manual/from_md/administration/imperative-containers.section.xml @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:id="sec-imperative-containers"> + <title>Imperative Container Management</title> + <para> + We’ll cover imperative container management using + <literal>nixos-container</literal> first. Be aware that container + management is currently only possible as <literal>root</literal>. + </para> + <para> + You create a container with identifier <literal>foo</literal> as + follows: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container create foo +</programlisting> + <para> + This creates the container’s root directory in + <literal>/var/lib/containers/foo</literal> and a small configuration + file in <literal>/etc/containers/foo.conf</literal>. It also builds + the container’s initial system configuration and stores it in + <literal>/nix/var/nix/profiles/per-container/foo/system</literal>. + You can modify the initial configuration of the container on the + command line. For instance, to create a container that has + <literal>sshd</literal> running, with the given public key for + <literal>root</literal>: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container create foo --config ' + services.openssh.enable = true; + users.users.root.openssh.authorizedKeys.keys = ["ssh-dss AAAAB3N…"]; +' +</programlisting> + <para> + By default the next free address in the + <literal>10.233.0.0/16</literal> subnet will be chosen as container + IP. This behavior can be altered by setting + <literal>--host-address</literal> and + <literal>--local-address</literal>: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container create test --config-file test-container.nix \ + --local-address 10.235.1.2 --host-address 10.235.1.1 +</programlisting> + <para> + Creating a container does not start it. To start the container, run: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container start foo +</programlisting> + <para> + This command will return as soon as the container has booted and has + reached <literal>multi-user.target</literal>. On the host, the + container runs within a systemd unit called + <literal>container@container-name.service</literal>. Thus, if + something went wrong, you can get status info using + <literal>systemctl</literal>: + </para> + <programlisting> +# systemctl status container@foo +</programlisting> + <para> + If the container has started successfully, you can log in as root + using the <literal>root-login</literal> operation: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container root-login foo +[root@foo:~]# +</programlisting> + <para> + Note that only root on the host can do this (since there is no + authentication). You can also get a regular login prompt using the + <literal>login</literal> operation, which is available to all users + on the host: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container login foo +foo login: alice +Password: *** +</programlisting> + <para> + With <literal>nixos-container run</literal>, you can execute + arbitrary commands in the container: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container run foo -- uname -a +Linux foo 3.4.82 #1-NixOS SMP Thu Mar 20 14:44:05 UTC 2014 x86_64 GNU/Linux +</programlisting> + <para> + There are several ways to change the configuration of the container. + First, on the host, you can edit + <literal>/var/lib/container/name/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal>, + and run + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container update foo +</programlisting> + <para> + This will build and activate the new configuration. You can also + specify a new configuration on the command line: + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container update foo --config ' + services.httpd.enable = true; + services.httpd.adminAddr = "foo@example.org"; + networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ 80 ]; +' + +# curl http://$(nixos-container show-ip foo)/ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">… +</programlisting> + <para> + However, note that this will overwrite the container’s + <literal>/etc/nixos/configuration.nix</literal>. + </para> + <para> + Alternatively, you can change the configuration from within the + container itself by running <literal>nixos-rebuild switch</literal> + inside the container. Note that the container by default does not + have a copy of the NixOS channel, so you should run + <literal>nix-channel --update</literal> first. + </para> + <para> + Containers can be stopped and started using + <literal>nixos-container stop</literal> and + <literal>nixos-container start</literal>, respectively, or by using + <literal>systemctl</literal> on the container’s service unit. To + destroy a container, including its file system, do + </para> + <programlisting> +# nixos-container destroy foo +</programlisting> +</section> |