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+# to run these tests:
+# nix-instantiate --eval --strict nixpkgs/lib/tests/misc.nix
+# if the resulting list is empty, all tests passed
+with import ../default.nix;
+
+let
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationName = { name, expected }:
+  let
+    drv = derivation {
+      name = strings.sanitizeDerivationName name;
+      builder = "x";
+      system = "x";
+    };
+  in {
+    # Evaluate the derivation so an invalid name would be caught
+    expr = builtins.seq drv.drvPath drv.name;
+    inherit expected;
+  };
+
+in
+
+runTests {
+
+
+# TRIVIAL
+
+  testId = {
+    expr = id 1;
+    expected = 1;
+  };
+
+  testConst = {
+    expr = const 2 3;
+    expected = 2;
+  };
+
+  testPipe = {
+    expr = pipe 2 [
+      (x: x + 2) # 2 + 2 = 4
+      (x: x * 2) # 4 * 2 = 8
+    ];
+    expected = 8;
+  };
+
+  testPipeEmpty = {
+    expr = pipe 2 [];
+    expected = 2;
+  };
+
+  testPipeStrings = {
+    expr = pipe [ 3 4 ] [
+      (map toString)
+      (map (s: s + "\n"))
+      concatStrings
+    ];
+    expected = ''
+      3
+      4
+    '';
+  };
+
+  /*
+  testOr = {
+    expr = or true false;
+    expected = true;
+  };
+  */
+
+  testAnd = {
+    expr = and true false;
+    expected = false;
+  };
+
+  testFix = {
+    expr = fix (x: {a = if x ? a then "a" else "b";});
+    expected = {a = "a";};
+  };
+
+  testComposeExtensions = {
+    expr = let obj = makeExtensible (self: { foo = self.bar; });
+               f = self: super: { bar = false; baz = true; };
+               g = self: super: { bar = super.baz or false; };
+               f_o_g = composeExtensions f g;
+               composed = obj.extend f_o_g;
+           in composed.foo;
+    expected = true;
+  };
+
+  testComposeManyExtensions0 = {
+    expr = let obj = makeExtensible (self: { foo = true; });
+               emptyComposition = composeManyExtensions [];
+               composed = obj.extend emptyComposition;
+           in composed.foo;
+    expected = true;
+  };
+
+  testComposeManyExtensions =
+    let f = self: super: { bar = false; baz = true; };
+        g = self: super: { bar = super.baz or false; };
+        h = self: super: { qux = super.bar or false; };
+        obj = makeExtensible (self: { foo = self.qux; });
+    in {
+    expr = let composition = composeManyExtensions [f g h];
+               composed = obj.extend composition;
+           in composed.foo;
+    expected = (obj.extend (composeExtensions f (composeExtensions g h))).foo;
+  };
+
+  testBitAnd = {
+    expr = (bitAnd 3 10);
+    expected = 2;
+  };
+
+  testBitOr = {
+    expr = (bitOr 3 10);
+    expected = 11;
+  };
+
+  testBitXor = {
+    expr = (bitXor 3 10);
+    expected = 9;
+  };
+
+  testToHexString = {
+    expr = toHexString 250;
+    expected = "FA";
+  };
+
+  testToBaseDigits = {
+    expr = toBaseDigits 2 6;
+    expected = [ 1 1 0 ];
+  };
+
+  testFunctionArgsFunctor = {
+    expr = functionArgs { __functor = self: { a, b }: null; };
+    expected = { a = false; b = false; };
+  };
+
+  testFunctionArgsSetFunctionArgs = {
+    expr = functionArgs (setFunctionArgs (args: args.x) { x = false; });
+    expected = { x = false; };
+  };
+
+# STRINGS
+
+  testConcatMapStrings = {
+    expr = concatMapStrings (x: x + ";") ["a" "b" "c"];
+    expected = "a;b;c;";
+  };
+
+  testConcatStringsSep = {
+    expr = concatStringsSep "," ["a" "b" "c"];
+    expected = "a,b,c";
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsSimple = {
+    expr = strings.splitString "." "a.b.c.d";
+    expected = [ "a" "b" "c" "d" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsEmpty = {
+    expr = strings.splitString "." "a..b";
+    expected = [ "a" "" "b" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsOne = {
+    expr = strings.splitString ":" "a.b";
+    expected = [ "a.b" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsNone = {
+    expr = strings.splitString "." "";
+    expected = [ "" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsFirstEmpty = {
+    expr = strings.splitString "/" "/a/b/c";
+    expected = [ "" "a" "b" "c" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsLastEmpty = {
+    expr = strings.splitString ":" "2001:db8:0:0042::8a2e:370:";
+    expected = [ "2001" "db8" "0" "0042" "" "8a2e" "370" "" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsRegex = {
+    expr = strings.splitString "\\[{}]()^$?*+|." "A\\[{}]()^$?*+|.B";
+    expected = [ "A" "B" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitStringsDerivation = {
+    expr = take 3  (strings.splitString "/" (derivation {
+      name = "name";
+      builder = "builder";
+      system = "system";
+    }));
+    expected = ["" "nix" "store"];
+  };
+
+  testSplitVersionSingle = {
+    expr = versions.splitVersion "1";
+    expected = [ "1" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitVersionDouble = {
+    expr = versions.splitVersion "1.2";
+    expected = [ "1" "2" ];
+  };
+
+  testSplitVersionTriple = {
+    expr = versions.splitVersion "1.2.3";
+    expected = [ "1" "2" "3" ];
+  };
+
+  testIsStorePath =  {
+    expr =
+      let goodPath =
+            "${builtins.storeDir}/d945ibfx9x185xf04b890y4f9g3cbb63-python-2.7.11";
+      in {
+        storePath = isStorePath goodPath;
+        storePathDerivation = isStorePath (import ../.. { system = "x86_64-linux"; }).hello;
+        storePathAppendix = isStorePath
+          "${goodPath}/bin/python";
+        nonAbsolute = isStorePath (concatStrings (tail (stringToCharacters goodPath)));
+        asPath = isStorePath (/. + goodPath);
+        otherPath = isStorePath "/something/else";
+        otherVals = {
+          attrset = isStorePath {};
+          list = isStorePath [];
+          int = isStorePath 42;
+        };
+      };
+    expected = {
+      storePath = true;
+      storePathDerivation = true;
+      storePathAppendix = false;
+      nonAbsolute = false;
+      asPath = true;
+      otherPath = false;
+      otherVals = {
+        attrset = false;
+        list = false;
+        int = false;
+      };
+    };
+  };
+
+  testEscapeXML = {
+    expr = escapeXML ''"test" 'test' < & >'';
+    expected = "&quot;test&quot; &apos;test&apos; &lt; &amp; &gt;";
+  };
+
+# LISTS
+
+  testFilter = {
+    expr = filter (x: x != "a") ["a" "b" "c" "a"];
+    expected = ["b" "c"];
+  };
+
+  testFold =
+    let
+      f = op: fold: fold op 0 (range 0 100);
+      # fold with associative operator
+      assoc = f builtins.add;
+      # fold with non-associative operator
+      nonAssoc = f builtins.sub;
+    in {
+      expr = {
+        assocRight = assoc foldr;
+        # right fold with assoc operator is same as left fold
+        assocRightIsLeft = assoc foldr == assoc foldl;
+        nonAssocRight = nonAssoc foldr;
+        nonAssocLeft = nonAssoc foldl;
+        # with non-assoc operator the fold results are not the same
+        nonAssocRightIsNotLeft = nonAssoc foldl != nonAssoc foldr;
+        # fold is an alias for foldr
+        foldIsRight = nonAssoc fold == nonAssoc foldr;
+      };
+      expected = {
+        assocRight = 5050;
+        assocRightIsLeft = true;
+        nonAssocRight = 50;
+        nonAssocLeft = (-5050);
+        nonAssocRightIsNotLeft = true;
+        foldIsRight = true;
+      };
+    };
+
+  testTake = testAllTrue [
+    ([] == (take 0 [  1 2 3 ]))
+    ([1] == (take 1 [  1 2 3 ]))
+    ([ 1 2 ] == (take 2 [  1 2 3 ]))
+    ([ 1 2 3 ] == (take 3 [  1 2 3 ]))
+    ([ 1 2 3 ] == (take 4 [  1 2 3 ]))
+  ];
+
+  testFoldAttrs = {
+    expr = foldAttrs (n: a: [n] ++ a) [] [
+    { a = 2; b = 7; }
+    { a = 3;        c = 8; }
+    ];
+    expected = { a = [ 2 3 ]; b = [7]; c = [8];};
+  };
+
+  testSort = {
+    expr = sort builtins.lessThan [ 40 2 30 42 ];
+    expected = [2 30 40 42];
+  };
+
+  testToIntShouldConvertStringToInt = {
+    expr = toInt "27";
+    expected = 27;
+  };
+
+  testToIntShouldThrowErrorIfItCouldNotConvertToInt = {
+    expr = builtins.tryEval (toInt "\"foo\"");
+    expected = { success = false; value = false; };
+  };
+
+  testHasAttrByPathTrue = {
+    expr = hasAttrByPath ["a" "b"] { a = { b = "yey"; }; };
+    expected = true;
+  };
+
+  testHasAttrByPathFalse = {
+    expr = hasAttrByPath ["a" "b"] { a = { c = "yey"; }; };
+    expected = false;
+  };
+
+
+# ATTRSETS
+
+  # code from the example
+  testRecursiveUpdateUntil = {
+    expr = recursiveUpdateUntil (path: l: r: path == ["foo"]) {
+      # first attribute set
+      foo.bar = 1;
+      foo.baz = 2;
+      bar = 3;
+    } {
+      #second attribute set
+      foo.bar = 1;
+      foo.quz = 2;
+      baz = 4;
+    };
+    expected = {
+      foo.bar = 1; # 'foo.*' from the second set
+      foo.quz = 2; #
+      bar = 3;     # 'bar' from the first set
+      baz = 4;     # 'baz' from the second set
+    };
+  };
+
+  testOverrideExistingEmpty = {
+    expr = overrideExisting {} { a = 1; };
+    expected = {};
+  };
+
+  testOverrideExistingDisjoint = {
+    expr = overrideExisting { b = 2; } { a = 1; };
+    expected = { b = 2; };
+  };
+
+  testOverrideExistingOverride = {
+    expr = overrideExisting { a = 3; b = 2; } { a = 1; };
+    expected = { a = 1; b = 2; };
+  };
+
+# GENERATORS
+# these tests assume attributes are converted to lists
+# in alphabetical order
+
+  testMkKeyValueDefault = {
+    expr = generators.mkKeyValueDefault {} ":" "f:oo" "bar";
+    expected = ''f\:oo:bar'';
+  };
+
+  testMkValueString = {
+    expr = let
+      vals = {
+        int = 42;
+        string = ''fo"o'';
+        bool = true;
+        bool2 = false;
+        null = null;
+        # float = 42.23; # floats are strange
+      };
+      in mapAttrs
+        (const (generators.mkValueStringDefault {}))
+        vals;
+    expected = {
+      int = "42";
+      string = ''fo"o'';
+      bool = "true";
+      bool2 = "false";
+      null = "null";
+      # float = "42.23" true false [ "bar" ] ]'';
+    };
+  };
+
+  testToKeyValue = {
+    expr = generators.toKeyValue {} {
+      key = "value";
+      "other=key" = "baz";
+    };
+    expected = ''
+      key=value
+      other\=key=baz
+    '';
+  };
+
+  testToINIEmpty = {
+    expr = generators.toINI {} {};
+    expected = "";
+  };
+
+  testToINIEmptySection = {
+    expr = generators.toINI {} { foo = {}; bar = {}; };
+    expected = ''
+      [bar]
+
+      [foo]
+    '';
+  };
+
+  testToINIDuplicateKeys = {
+    expr = generators.toINI { listsAsDuplicateKeys = true; } { foo.bar = true; baz.qux = [ 1 false ]; };
+    expected = ''
+      [baz]
+      qux=1
+      qux=false
+
+      [foo]
+      bar=true
+    '';
+  };
+
+  testToINIDefaultEscapes = {
+    expr = generators.toINI {} {
+      "no [ and ] allowed unescaped" = {
+        "and also no = in keys" = 42;
+      };
+    };
+    expected = ''
+      [no \[ and \] allowed unescaped]
+      and also no \= in keys=42
+    '';
+  };
+
+  testToINIDefaultFull = {
+    expr = generators.toINI {} {
+      "section 1" = {
+        attribute1 = 5;
+        x = "Me-se JarJar Binx";
+        # booleans are converted verbatim by default
+        boolean = false;
+      };
+      "foo[]" = {
+        "he\\h=he" = "this is okay";
+      };
+    };
+    expected = ''
+      [foo\[\]]
+      he\h\=he=this is okay
+
+      [section 1]
+      attribute1=5
+      boolean=false
+      x=Me-se JarJar Binx
+    '';
+  };
+
+  /* right now only invocation check */
+  testToJSONSimple =
+    let val = {
+      foobar = [ "baz" 1 2 3 ];
+    };
+    in {
+      expr = generators.toJSON {} val;
+      # trivial implementation
+      expected = builtins.toJSON val;
+  };
+
+  /* right now only invocation check */
+  testToYAMLSimple =
+    let val = {
+      list = [ { one = 1; } { two = 2; } ];
+      all = 42;
+    };
+    in {
+      expr = generators.toYAML {} val;
+      # trivial implementation
+      expected = builtins.toJSON val;
+  };
+
+  testToPretty =
+    let
+      deriv = derivation { name = "test"; builder = "/bin/sh"; system = "aarch64-linux"; };
+    in {
+    expr = mapAttrs (const (generators.toPretty { multiline = false; })) rec {
+      int = 42;
+      float = 0.1337;
+      bool = true;
+      emptystring = "";
+      string = ''fno"rd'';
+      newlinestring = "\n";
+      path = /. + "/foo";
+      null_ = null;
+      function = x: x;
+      functionArgs = { arg ? 4, foo }: arg;
+      list = [ 3 4 function [ false ] ];
+      emptylist = [];
+      attrs = { foo = null; "foo bar" = "baz"; };
+      emptyattrs = {};
+      drv = deriv;
+    };
+    expected = rec {
+      int = "42";
+      float = "~0.133700";
+      bool = "true";
+      emptystring = ''""'';
+      string = ''"fno\"rd"'';
+      newlinestring = "\"\\n\"";
+      path = "/foo";
+      null_ = "null";
+      function = "<function>";
+      functionArgs = "<function, args: {arg?, foo}>";
+      list = "[ 3 4 ${function} [ false ] ]";
+      emptylist = "[ ]";
+      attrs = "{ foo = null; \"foo bar\" = \"baz\"; }";
+      emptyattrs = "{ }";
+      drv = "<derivation ${deriv.drvPath}>";
+    };
+  };
+
+  testToPrettyLimit =
+    let
+      a.b = 1;
+      a.c = a;
+    in {
+      expr = generators.toPretty { } (generators.withRecursion { throwOnDepthLimit = false; depthLimit = 2; } a);
+      expected = "{\n  b = 1;\n  c = {\n    b = \"<unevaluated>\";\n    c = {\n      b = \"<unevaluated>\";\n      c = \"<unevaluated>\";\n    };\n  };\n}";
+    };
+
+  testToPrettyLimitThrow =
+    let
+      a.b = 1;
+      a.c = a;
+    in {
+      expr = (builtins.tryEval
+        (generators.toPretty { } (generators.withRecursion { depthLimit = 2; } a))).success;
+      expected = false;
+    };
+
+  testToPrettyMultiline = {
+    expr = mapAttrs (const (generators.toPretty { })) rec {
+      list = [ 3 4 [ false ] ];
+      attrs = { foo = null; bar.foo = "baz"; };
+      newlinestring = "\n";
+      multilinestring = ''
+        hello
+        there
+        test
+      '';
+      multilinestring' = ''
+        hello
+        there
+        test'';
+    };
+    expected = rec {
+      list = ''
+        [
+          3
+          4
+          [
+            false
+          ]
+        ]'';
+      attrs = ''
+        {
+          bar = {
+            foo = "baz";
+          };
+          foo = null;
+        }'';
+      newlinestring = "''\n  \n''";
+      multilinestring = ''
+        '''
+          hello
+          there
+          test
+        ''''';
+      multilinestring' = ''
+        '''
+          hello
+          there
+          test''''';
+
+    };
+  };
+
+  testToPrettyAllowPrettyValues = {
+    expr = generators.toPretty { allowPrettyValues = true; }
+             { __pretty = v: "«" + v + "»"; val = "foo"; };
+    expected  = "«foo»";
+  };
+
+
+# CLI
+
+  testToGNUCommandLine = {
+    expr = cli.toGNUCommandLine {} {
+      data = builtins.toJSON { id = 0; };
+      X = "PUT";
+      retry = 3;
+      retry-delay = null;
+      url = [ "https://example.com/foo" "https://example.com/bar" ];
+      silent = false;
+      verbose = true;
+    };
+
+    expected = [
+      "-X" "PUT"
+      "--data" "{\"id\":0}"
+      "--retry" "3"
+      "--url" "https://example.com/foo"
+      "--url" "https://example.com/bar"
+      "--verbose"
+    ];
+  };
+
+  testToGNUCommandLineShell = {
+    expr = cli.toGNUCommandLineShell {} {
+      data = builtins.toJSON { id = 0; };
+      X = "PUT";
+      retry = 3;
+      retry-delay = null;
+      url = [ "https://example.com/foo" "https://example.com/bar" ];
+      silent = false;
+      verbose = true;
+    };
+
+    expected = "'-X' 'PUT' '--data' '{\"id\":0}' '--retry' '3' '--url' 'https://example.com/foo' '--url' 'https://example.com/bar' '--verbose'";
+  };
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationNameLeadingDots = testSanitizeDerivationName {
+    name = "..foo";
+    expected = "foo";
+  };
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationNameAscii = testSanitizeDerivationName {
+    name = " !\"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~";
+    expected = "-+--.-0123456789-=-?-ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-_-abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz-";
+  };
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationNameTooLong = testSanitizeDerivationName {
+    name = "This string is loooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooong";
+    expected = "loooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooong";
+  };
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationNameTooLongWithInvalid = testSanitizeDerivationName {
+    name = "Hello there aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa &&&&&&&&";
+    expected = "there-aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa-";
+  };
+
+  testSanitizeDerivationNameEmpty = testSanitizeDerivationName {
+    name = "";
+    expected = "unknown";
+  };
+
+  testFreeformOptions = {
+    expr =
+      let
+        submodule = { lib, ... }: {
+          freeformType = lib.types.attrsOf (lib.types.submodule {
+            options.bar = lib.mkOption {};
+          });
+          options.bar = lib.mkOption {};
+        };
+
+        module = { lib, ... }: {
+          options.foo = lib.mkOption {
+            type = lib.types.submodule submodule;
+          };
+        };
+
+        options = (evalModules {
+          modules = [ module ];
+        }).options;
+
+        locs = filter (o: ! o.internal) (optionAttrSetToDocList options);
+      in map (o: o.loc) locs;
+    expected = [ [ "foo" ] [ "foo" "<name>" "bar" ] [ "foo" "bar" ] ];
+  };
+
+  testCartesianProductOfEmptySet = {
+    expr = cartesianProductOfSets {};
+    expected = [ {} ];
+  };
+
+  testCartesianProductOfOneSet = {
+    expr = cartesianProductOfSets { a = [ 1 2 3 ]; };
+    expected = [ { a = 1; } { a = 2; } { a = 3; } ];
+  };
+
+  testCartesianProductOfTwoSets = {
+    expr = cartesianProductOfSets { a = [ 1 ]; b = [ 10 20 ]; };
+    expected = [
+      { a = 1; b = 10; }
+      { a = 1; b = 20; }
+    ];
+  };
+
+  testCartesianProductOfTwoSetsWithOneEmpty = {
+    expr = cartesianProductOfSets { a = [ ]; b = [ 10 20 ]; };
+    expected = [ ];
+  };
+
+  testCartesianProductOfThreeSets = {
+    expr = cartesianProductOfSets {
+      a = [   1   2   3 ];
+      b = [  10  20  30 ];
+      c = [ 100 200 300 ];
+    };
+    expected = [
+      { a = 1; b = 10; c = 100; }
+      { a = 1; b = 10; c = 200; }
+      { a = 1; b = 10; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 1; b = 20; c = 100; }
+      { a = 1; b = 20; c = 200; }
+      { a = 1; b = 20; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 1; b = 30; c = 100; }
+      { a = 1; b = 30; c = 200; }
+      { a = 1; b = 30; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 2; b = 10; c = 100; }
+      { a = 2; b = 10; c = 200; }
+      { a = 2; b = 10; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 2; b = 20; c = 100; }
+      { a = 2; b = 20; c = 200; }
+      { a = 2; b = 20; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 2; b = 30; c = 100; }
+      { a = 2; b = 30; c = 200; }
+      { a = 2; b = 30; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 3; b = 10; c = 100; }
+      { a = 3; b = 10; c = 200; }
+      { a = 3; b = 10; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 3; b = 20; c = 100; }
+      { a = 3; b = 20; c = 200; }
+      { a = 3; b = 20; c = 300; }
+
+      { a = 3; b = 30; c = 100; }
+      { a = 3; b = 30; c = 200; }
+      { a = 3; b = 30; c = 300; }
+    ];
+  };
+
+  # The example from the showAttrPath documentation
+  testShowAttrPathExample = {
+    expr = showAttrPath [ "foo" "10" "bar" ];
+    expected = "foo.\"10\".bar";
+  };
+
+  testShowAttrPathEmpty = {
+    expr = showAttrPath [];
+    expected = "<root attribute path>";
+  };
+
+  testShowAttrPathVarious = {
+    expr = showAttrPath [
+      "."
+      "foo"
+      "2"
+      "a2-b"
+      "_bc'de"
+    ];
+    expected = ''".".foo."2".a2-b._bc'de'';
+  };
+
+  testGroupBy = {
+    expr = groupBy (n: toString (mod n 5)) (range 0 16);
+    expected = {
+      "0" = [ 0 5 10 15 ];
+      "1" = [ 1 6 11 16 ];
+      "2" = [ 2 7 12 ];
+      "3" = [ 3 8 13 ];
+      "4" = [ 4 9 14 ];
+    };
+  };
+
+  testGroupBy' = {
+    expr = groupBy' builtins.add 0 (x: boolToString (x > 2)) [ 5 1 2 3 4 ];
+    expected = { false = 3; true = 12; };
+  };
+
+  # The example from the updateManyAttrsByPath documentation
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathExample = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ "a" "b" ];
+        update = old: { d = old.c; };
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ "a" "b" "c" ];
+        update = old: old + 1;
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ "x" "y" ];
+        update = old: "xy";
+      }
+    ] { a.b.c = 0; };
+    expected = { a = { b = { d = 1; }; }; x = { y = "xy"; }; };
+  };
+
+  # If there are no updates, the value is passed through
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathNone = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [] "something";
+    expected = "something";
+  };
+
+  # A single update to the root path is just like applying the function directly
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathSingleIncrement = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: old + 1;
+      }
+    ] 0;
+    expected = 1;
+  };
+
+  # Multiple updates can be applied are done in order
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathMultipleIncrements = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: old + "a";
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: old + "b";
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: old + "c";
+      }
+    ] "";
+    expected = "abc";
+  };
+
+  # If an update doesn't use the value, all previous updates are not evaluated
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathLazy = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: old + throw "nope";
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ ];
+        update = old: "untainted";
+      }
+    ] (throw "start");
+    expected = "untainted";
+  };
+
+  # Deeply nested attributes can be updated without affecting others
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathDeep = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ "a" "b" "c" ];
+        update = old: old + 1;
+      }
+    ] {
+      a.b.c = 0;
+
+      a.b.z = 0;
+      a.y.z = 0;
+      x.y.z = 0;
+    };
+    expected = {
+      a.b.c = 1;
+
+      a.b.z = 0;
+      a.y.z = 0;
+      x.y.z = 0;
+    };
+  };
+
+  # Nested attributes are updated first
+  testUpdateManyAttrsByPathNestedBeforehand = {
+    expr = updateManyAttrsByPath [
+      {
+        path = [ "a" ];
+        update = old: old // { x = old.b; };
+      }
+      {
+        path = [ "a" "b" ];
+        update = old: old + 1;
+      }
+    ] {
+      a.b = 0;
+    };
+    expected = {
+      a.b = 1;
+      a.x = 1;
+    };
+  };
+
+}